Bamboo is a popular plant known for its fast growth, resilience, and versatility. But will this tropical grass thrive in Ohio’s cold winters? With the right growing conditions and care, certain bamboo species can flourish in the Buckeye State.
Can Bamboo Survive Ohio Winters?
While bamboo prefers warm climates, some varieties tolerate freezing temperatures better than others. According to the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map, most of Ohio falls into Zone 6, with average winter lows around 0°F.
When selecting bamboo, pay close attention to the species’ cold hardiness rating. Look for types rated for Zone 5 or lower that can withstand winter lows down to -10° or -20°F. Avoid tropical varieties only hardy to Zone 8-9.
Hardy bamboos for Ohio include:
- Arrow bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica)
- Black bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra)
- Buddha belly bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris vittata)
- Hedge bamboo (Pleioblastus variegatus)
With proper care and protection, these bamboo species can survive frigid Ohio winters. But extreme cold snaps below their hardiness may cause damage.
Choosing the Right Spot
Even hardy bamboos prefer a sheltered location protected from harsh winds and late frosts Plant bamboo
- Along a fence or wall
- Near other trees and shrubs
- Against the house
A south- or west-facing site captures the most sun to warm the soil and plant. Good drainage and fertile soil enriched with compost also boosts cold tolerance.
Planting Bamboo in Ohio
It’s best to plant bamboo in Ohio in early spring after the last frost This gives the roots time to establish before winter. Follow these tips
- Soak rhizomes in water for 24 hours before planting.
- Dig a hole 2-3 times wider than the container.
- Partially backfill the hole and place the rhizome at its original depth.
- Spread roots out evenly and cover with soil. Pack firmly.
- Water thoroughly until liquid pools on the surface.
- Add 2-4 inches of mulch around the base.
Spacing depends on the bamboo’s expected mature width. Dense plantings resist cold better than sparse ones.
Protecting Bamboo in Winter
Extreme cold can damage bamboo, turning leaves brown and killing stems. Prevent winter injury through proper care:
-
Heavily mulch around the base with leaves, straw, or wood chips after the ground freezes.
-
Wrap stems with burlap or greenhouse plastic if temperatures drop significantly below its hardiness zone.
-
Erect a temporary wooden framework around clumps and fill with leaves or straw for insulation.
-
Avoid overwatering or fertilizing late in the season, as new growth is more prone to cold damage.
-
Prune away any dead or damaged canes in early spring to improve appearance.
Watering Bamboo
Bamboo needs consistent moisture, especially while establishing the first 1-2 years. Water thoroughly 1-2 times per week during hot, dry weather. Soak the entire root zone.
In winter, water every 3-4 weeks if rainfall is lacking. Bamboo suffers more from dehydration than cold alone. A thick mulch helps retain soil moisture between waterings.
Fertilizing Bamboo
Feed established clumps in early spring as new shoots emerge. Use a balanced organic fertilizer or compost. Bamboo also responds well to nitrogen. Aim for 1/2 to 1 pound of actual nitrogen per 100 square feet yearly.
Avoid late season fertilizing, as it stimulates tender new growth before winter. Stop feeding by early September.
Controlling Bamboo Spread
Bamboo can become invasive if not properly managed. Clumping types expand slowly while spreading bamboos are very aggressive via rhizomes.
To control spread:
-
Plant in a container above ground or install a rhizome barrier around the perimeter.
-
Remove new shoots promptly outside a defined space. A saw or shovel slice just below soil level effectively cuts rhizome connections.
-
Thin congested clumps every few years to stimulate growth. This allows easy monitoring for new rhizomes.
-
Grow only non-invasive bamboo species suitable for your climate and space.
Caring for Bamboo in Summer
Bamboo flourishes with a few maintenance practices through the warm season:
-
Water deeply and often to keep soil consistently moist. Bamboo dislikes dry soil.
-
Weed and mulch regularly to reduce competition. Replenish mulch as needed.
-
Stake new, unstable stems that emerge to prevent bending.
-
Remove spent flowers as they fade for a tidy appearance.
-
Prune out dead or damaged stems at their base. Cut back leggy branches.
-
Monitor for pests like spider mites, aphids, or scale. Treat promptly to avoid spread.
With this seasonal care, your hardy bamboo will thrive as a focal point in the Ohio landscape. Just take steps to protect it from severe winter cold.
Frequently Asked Questions About Growing Bamboo in Ohio
How fast does bamboo grow in Ohio?
Most bamboos grow 1-3 feet per year in Ohio when cared for properly. Expect slower growth than warmer regions. Speed also depends on the species, soil, sun exposure, and age. Mature clumps over 10 years old grow less vigorously.
What is the best bamboo for privacy in Ohio?
Alphonse Karr bamboo creates a quick, dense screen for privacy in Ohio. Or try taller hedge bamboo (Pleioblastus variegatus) or upright Buddha belly bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris vittata). Give them room to reach their mature width.
Is bamboo invasive in Ohio?
Spreading bamboo species like golden bamboo (Phyllostachys aurea) can be highly invasive across Ohio if not controlled. Non-invasive clumping types are a better choice for most gardens.
Does bamboo need full sun in Ohio?
While bamboo tolerates partial shade, providing full sun in Ohio boosts winter hardiness. A site with at least 6 hours of direct sun per day produces the healthiest, most cold-resistant growth.
How do I prepare bamboo for winter in Ohio?
To prepare bamboo for Ohio winters, prune in late summer, remove dead growth, mulch heavily in fall, stop fertilizing by September, and wrap or insulate stems as needed when extreme cold hits. Reduce water slightly but don’t let it dry out completely.
