Watch Out! Weeds Mistaken for Mint
As a gardener and mint lover, I’ve learned to be cautious of lookalike weeds that can easily be mistaken for mint Some non-mint plants have leaves and growth habits similar to mints, but lack that cool, refreshing minty aroma we know and love
In this article, I’ll share tips on identifying mint lookalikes, including:
- Key features to check that distinguish mint from weeds
- Pictures of common mint imposters
- How to confirm you have real mint
Armed with this info, you’ll be able to spot fakers trying to pass as mint in your garden beds or containers.
How to Identify Real Mint Plants
Here are the key features that indicate you have a true mint plant
- Stems – Square stems are a trademark of mints
- Leaves – Mints have toothed, wrinkled leaves with a matte appearance
- Scent – Crush a leaf and sniff – mints have a strong, cooling minty fragrance
- Flowers – Small purple, pink or white flowers on spikes blooming mid to late summer
Check for all these signs to be sure your plant is a real mint variety like peppermint or spearmint. Now let’s look at common mint impersonators.
Weeds Mistaken for Mint
Several non-mint plants get mistaken for mint due to similar leaf shapes and growing habits. Here are 4 to watch out for:
Catmint
- Leaf edges are more rounded compared to mint
- Leaves have a fuzzy appearance
- Scent is minty but weaker than true mints
- Lavender-blue flowers on spikes in summer
Lemon Balm
- Leaves are wrinkled but lack mint’s toothed edges
- Crush leaves for a lemon scent, not minty
- Tiny white flowers in summer
Stinging Nettle
- Leaves have a toothy, pointed appearance like mint
- Touching leaves causes stinging pain!
- No minty aroma at all
Henbit
- Rounded, scalloped leaves look somewhat mint-like
- Scentless foliage
- Purplish flowers in spring
As you can see, visually these plants can pass for mint but are missing that cool minty smell. Trust your nose – if it’s not mint scented, it’s an imposter!
Confirm You Have Real Mint
To be 100% sure your plant is real mint, check for these signs:
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Pinch off a leaf and crush it. Take a whiff – is the scent cooling and minty?
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Run your finger down the plant’s stem. Is it square shaped?
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Check for small flowers on spikes rising above the foliage.
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Look closely at the leaf edges. Are they finely toothed?
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Observe leaf surfaces – mint leaves should be matte, not shiny or fuzzy.
If all signs point to mint, then you likely have the real thing! An easy way to further confirm is to simply taste a leaf. Mints will impart that unmistakable burst of mint flavor.
Avoid the Lookalikes
Now that you know what to look for, you can identify genuine mint plants vs. wannabe weeds. Steer clear of the mint imposters and stick with planting trusty mint varieties like peppermint, apple mint or chocolate mint.
With their vigorous growth habit, delicious scent and flavor, mints are too valuable to mistake for a scentless weed. Crush those leaves and let your nose guide you to the real mints!
A Pasture Plant of Concern
Can you think of a plant that can be used in cooking and medicine but is often harmful to animals? That plant is perilla mint (Perilla frutescens). Perilla mint is becoming more and more common in pastures across West Virginia, causing concern for some.
Perilla mint, which is also called beefsteak plant, Chinese basil, or purple mint, was brought to the West from East Asia to be used as a flower and in food. Animals don’t usually eat this plant, but when other plants that animals want are scarce, they can get poisoned. After being eaten, animals can get respiratory problems like acute inflammation of the lungs, which can be fatal in some cases.
Perilla mint is an annual weed that grows in pastures, along the edges of wooded areas, and sometimes in gardens and other disturbed fields. It’s easy to spot because its square, ribbed stems and broad, oppositely arranged leaves with a toothed edge make it easy to spot. When grown in the shade, the leaves can be anywhere from green to purple, and when crushed, they smell like mint.
It produces a spindly, hairy spike (raceme) bearing purple or white flowers in pairs. It comes to bloom from July to October and is especially toxic to animals when in bloom. Some types of perilla mint are poisonous to animals, and the level of poison can change depending on the environment. This plant needs to be kept under control in pastures and other places where animals like to hang out.
Perilla mint is easiest to get rid of in the spring, when the plants are young and growing quickly. Once they come to bloom, the plants become hardy and more difficult to control. As an annual, it can be removed mechanically by taking advantage of its shallow root system. When used in early spring, herbicides like 2,4-D (low-volatile ester formulations) or tank-mixtures with both 2,4-D and dicamba (several formulations) along with a surfactant work well to get rid of weeds. Herbicides with aminopyrlid in them (Milestone, Grazon Next) also work well, but the plants may still be present in treated hay and animal waste from animals that were fed treated forage or hay.
How to get rid of perilla mint:
- Remove manually
- Treat with herbicides
Information by Rakesh Chandran, Ph.D., WVU Extension Weed Science Specialist
Perilla Mint Identification
FAQ
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